California University of Pennsylvania Organized Collection of Data Report

Final Topline
January 2019 Core Trends Survey
3/8/2019
Abt Associates for Pew Research Center
Sample: n=1,502 U.S. adults age 18 or older nationwide, including 1,200 cell phone interviews
Interviewing dates: January 8, 2019 ? February 7, 2019
Margin of error: ? 2.85 percentage points for results based on Total [n=1,502]
EMINUSE
INTMOB
Do you use the internet or email, at least occasionally?
Do you access the internet on a cell phone, tablet or other mobile handheld device, at
least occasionally?1
Current
January 2018
November 2016
May 2016
April 2016
November 2015
July 2015
April 2015
September 2013
August 2013
May 2013
December 2012
November 2012
September 2012
August 2012
April 2012
February 2012
December 2011
August 2011
May 2011
January 2011
December 2010
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
January 2010
December 2009
September 2009
April 2009
1
USES INTERNET
DOES NOT USE
INTERNET
90
89
90
87
87
87
87
85
86
80
85
81
85
81
85
82
80
82
78
78
79
77
74
74
79
75
74
77
79
10
11
10
13
13
13
13
15
14
20
15
19
15
19
15
18
20
18
22
22
21
23
26
26
21
25
26
23
21
The definition of an internet user varies from survey to survey. Prior to January 2005, internet users were defined
as those who said yes to ?Do you ever go online to access the Internet or World Wide Web or to send and receive
email?? From January 2005 thru February 2012, an internet user is someone said yes to either ?Do you use the
internet, at least occasionally?? (INTUSE) OR ?Do you send or receive email, at least occasionally?? (EMLOCC).
From April 2012 thru December 2012, an internet user is someone said yes to any of three questions: INTUSE,
EMLOCC or ?Do you access the internet on a cell phone, tablet or other mobile handheld device, at least
occasionally?? (INTMOB). In May 2013, half the sample was asked INTUSE/EMLOCC/INTMOB and half was asked
EMINUSE/INTMOB. Those May 2013 trend results are for both forms combined.
1

EMINUSE/INTMOB continued…
December 2008
November 2008
August 2008
July 2008
May 2008
April 2008
January 2008
December 2007
September 2007
February 2007
December 2006
November 2006
August 2006
April 2006
February 2006
December 2005
September 2005
June 2005
February 2005
January 2005
Nov 23-30, 2004
November 2004
July 2004
June 2004
March 2004
February 2004
November 2003
August 2003
June 2003
May 2003
March 3-11, 2003
February 2003
December 2002
November 2002
October 2002
September 2002
July 2002
March/May 2002
January 2002
USES INTERNET
DOES NOT USE
INTERNET
74
74
75
77
73
73
70
75
73
71
70
68
70
73
73
66
72
68
67
66
59
61
67
63
69
63
64
63
62
63
62
64
57
61
59
61
59
58
61
26
26
25
23
27
27
30
25
27
29
30
32
30
27
27
34
28
32
33
34
41
39
33
37
31
37
36
37
38
37
38
36
43
39
41
39
41
42
39
2
EMINUSE/INTMOB continued…
USES INTERNET
DOES NOT USE
INTERNET
58
58
56
55
59
53
59
53
52
50
49
47
48
42
42
44
45
41
47
41
47
48
50
51
53
52
December 2001
November 2001
October 2001
September 2001
August 2001
February 2001
December 2000
November 2000
October 2000
September 2000
August 2000
June 2000
May 2000
INTFREQ
About how often do you use the internet?
Based on internet users [N=1,372]
CURRENT
%
31
49
10
5
4
*
*
SNSINT2 Do
Almost constantly
Several times a day
About once a day
Several times a week, OR
Less often?
(VOL.) Don?t know
(VOL.) Refused
MAY 2016
APRIL 2016
JULY 2015
30
49
9
7
6
*
*
25
50
11
7
6
*
*
28
49
10
7
6
*
*
24
49
11
7
8
*
1
you ever use social media sites like Facebook, Twitter or Instagram?
CURRENT
%
JANUARY
2018
72
28
*
0
Yes
No
(VOL.) Don?t know
(VOL.) Refused
3
Trend based on internet users2 [N=1,372]
Current
January 2018
November 2016
May 2016
November 2015
July 2015
September 2013
May 2013
December 2012
August 2012
February 2012
August 2011
May 2011
January 2011
December 2010
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
January 2010
December 2009
September 2009
April 2009
December 2008
November 2008
August 2008
July 2008
May 2008
August 2006
September 2005
February 2005
2
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.) REFUSED
78
77
77
74
74
76
74
72
67
69
66
64
65
61
62
61
62
61
57
56
47
46
35
37
33
34
29
16
11
8
22
23
23
26
26
23
26
28
33
31
34
35
35
39
38
39
38
39
43
44
52
54
65
63
67
66
70
84
88
91
0
*
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
1
1
0
0
*
*
*
0
0
*
*
*
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
0
*
*
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
November 2016 question wording was ?Do you ever use social media sites like Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn??
May 2016 question wording was “Do you ever use a social media site or app like Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn?”
November 2015 question wording was “Do you ever use a social networking site like Facebook, Twitter or
LinkedIn?” July 2015 trends and earlier were asked as an item within a list question. Wording may vary from
survey to survey and question may be asked of all internet users or form split. From 2012 to 2013, item wording
was ?Use a social networking site like Facebook, LinkedIn or Google Plus.? From April 2009 thru August 2011, item
wording was ?Use a social networking site like MySpace, Facebook or LinkedIn.? In December 2008, item wording
was ?Use a social networking site like MySpace or Facebook.? In August 2006, item wording was ?Use an online
social networking site like MySpace, Facebook or Friendster.? Prior to August 2006, item wording was ?Use online
social or professional networking sites like Friendster or LinkedIn.?
4
HOME4NW Do
you currently subscribe to internet service at HOME?
CURRENT
%
78
22
*
Yes
No
(VOL.) Don?t know
(VOL.) Refused
0
Trend based on internet users [N=1,372]
Current
January 2018
July 2015
BBHOME1 Do
BBHOME2
YES
NO
(VOL.)
DON?T KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
84
80
84
16
20
16
*
*
*
0
0
0
you subscribe to dial-up internet service at home… OR do you subscribe to a
higher-speed broadband service such as DSL, cable, or fiber optic service?
[ASK IF BBHOME1=DIAL-UP:] Just to confirm, you use a dial-up connection to the
internet at home, and not a higher-speed broadband connection?
Based on home internet subscribers [N=1,210]
Current
January 2018
July 2015
DIAL-UP
HIGHER
SPEED
(VOL.) BOTH
DIAL-UP
AND HIGH ER
SPEED
(VOL.)
ACCESS NET
ON CELL OR
TABLET
ONLY
(VOL.)
NO HOME
NET ACCESS
(VOL.) DK
(VOL.) REF.
2
3
3
92
90
91
3
2
1
*
*
*
*
*
1
2
5
4
*
*
*
SUMMARY OF HOME BROADBAND
Based on home internet subscribers
CURRENT
%
94
6
JANUARY 2018
Home broadband users
No home broadband/DK
91
9
JULY 2015
92
8
Based on Total
CURRENT
%
73
27
JANUARY 2018
Home broadband users
No home broadband/DK
65
35
5
JULY 2015
67
33
DEVICE1a
Next, do you have a cell phone, or not?3
Current
January 2018
November 2016
May 2016
April 2016
November 2015
July 2015
April 2015
Sept 2013
August 2013
May 2013
December 2012
November 2012
Sept 2012
August 2012
April 2012
February 2012
December 2011
August 2011
May 2011
January 2011
December 2010
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
January 2010
December 2009
September 2009
April 2009
Dec 2008
July 2008
May 2008
April 2008
January 2008
Dec 2007
Sept 2007
April 2006
January 2005
3
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.) REFUSED
96
95
95
92
92
91
92
92
91
89
91
87
85
85
89
88
88
87
84
83
84
81
82
85
82
80
83
84
85
84
82
78
78
77
75
78
73
66
4
5
5
8
8
9
8
8
9
11
9
13
15
15
10
12
12
13
15
17
16
19
18
15
18
20
17
15
15
16
18
22
22
22
25
22
27
34
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
*
0
0
0
*
0
*
0
*
0
0
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
0
*
0
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
-0
——-
Question was asked of landline sample only. Results shown here have been recalculated to include cell phone
sample in the “Yes” percentage. Beginning September 2007, question/item was not asked of the cell phone
sample, but trend results shown here reflect Total combined landline and cell phone sample. In past polls,
question was sometimes asked as an independent question and sometimes as an item in a series. Wording may
vary from survey to survey. Wording variations include: ?Do you have a cell phone or a Blackberry or iPhone or
other device that is also a cell phone??; ?Do you have…a cell phone or a Blackberry or iPhone or other handheld
device that is also a cell phone??; Do you have a cell phone, or a Blackberry or other device that is also a cell
phone?”; “Do you happen to have a cell phone?”; “Do you have a cell phone?”
6
SMART2
Is your cell phone a smartphone, or not?
Based on cell phone owners [N=1,465]
Current [N=1,465]
January 2018 [N = 1,933]
November 2016 [N=2,926]
May 2016 [N=992]
April 2016 [N=1,535]
November 2015 [N=2,606]
July 2015 [N=1,903]
April 2015 [N=1,900]
September 2013 [N=5,763]
August 2013 [N=1,636]
May 2013 [N=2,076]
December 2012 [N=1,954]
November 2012 [N=1,992]
September 2012 [N=2,581]
April 2012 [N=1,954]
February 2012 [N=1,961]
May 2011 [N=1,914]
Q20
YES, SMARTPHONE
NO, NOT A
SMARTPHONE
DON?T KNOW
REFUSED
84
82
81
76
78
76
73
73
61
60
55
52
55
53
46
45
33
15
17
16
17
16
17
20
21
32
33
39
41
38
40
44
46
53
1
1
3
7
6
7
7
5
7
6
5
6
6
6
10
8
14
0
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Overall, when you use the internet, do you do that mostly using your cell phone or
mostly using some other device like a desktop, laptop or tablet computer?4
Based on smartphone owners
CURRENT
%
46
30
21
2
1
1
[n=1,219]
Mostly on cell phone
Mostly on something else
Both equally (VOL.)
Depends (VOL.)
Don?t know
Refused
4
MAY 2013
APRIL 2012
MAY 2011
34
53
11
1
*
*
[n=1,185]
31
60
7
2
*
*
[n=929]
27
62
10
1
*
*
[n=746]
Prior to 2019, this question was asked of respondents who said they use the internet or email on their cellphone. In
2019, the question was posed to respondents who said they use a smartphone.
7
BBSMART1
You said that you [IF SMART2=1, INSERT: have a smartphone, but] do not have
high-speed internet service at home. Did you EVER at some point in the past have a
broadband internet subscription at home?
Based on non-broadband users [N=357]
CURRENT
%
BBSMART2
33
60
7
*
JULY 2015
Yes, had broadband
No, did not have broadband
(VOL.) Don?t know
(VOL.) Refused
36
59
4
1
Would you like to have high-speed internet at home [IF BBSMART1=1, INSERT:
again], or is that not something you’re interested in?
Based on non-broadband users [N=357]
CURRENT
%
18
80
1
1
JULY 2015
Yes, interested
No, not interested
(VOL.) Don?t know
(VOL.) Refused
25
70
3
2
Please tell me whether any of the following are reasons why you do not have highspeed internet at home. First, how about [INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE]? Is this a
reason why you do not have high-speed internet at home?
BBSMART3
Next, what about [INSERT NEXT ITEM]? [IF NECESSARY: Is this a reason why you
do not have broadband service at home?]
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.) REFUSED
Current [N=357]
50
42
7
1
July 2015 [N=605]
59
34
4
2
Current [N=357]
31
64
4
1
July 2015 [N=605]
45
50
3
2
Current [N=208]
72
27
*
0
July 2015 [N=244]
65
29
4
3
Item A: Based on non-broadband users
a. The monthly cost of a home broadband
subscription is too expensive
Item B: Based on non-broadband users
b. The cost of a computer is too expensive
Item C: Based on non-broadband users who have a
smartphone
c. Your smartphone lets you do everything online
that you need to do
8
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.) REFUSED
Current [N=357]
43
53
4
1
July 2015 [N=605]
46
50
2
2
Current [N=357]
22
61
16
1
July 2015 [N=605]
23
63
13
2
Current [N=357]
17
81
1
1
July 2015 [N=605]
25
69
5
2
Item D: Based on non-broadband users
d. You have other options for internet access
outside of your home
Item E: Based on non-broadband users
e. Broadband service is not available where you
live, or is not available at an acceptable speed
Item F: Based on non-broadband users
f. Some other reason I haven?t already mentioned
(SPECIFY)
Thinking of the reasons why you do not have broadband service at home, which of
them is the MOST important? Is it that [READ; ONLY INCLUDE ?YES? RESPONSES FROM
BBSMART3; LIST RESPONSES IN SAME ORDER AS BBSMART3]?5
BBSMART4
Based on non-broadband users [N=357]
CURRENT
%
23
21
11
6
7
13
4
2
12
JULY 2015
Your smartphone lets you do everything online that you need to
do
The monthly cost of a home subscription is too expensive
You have other options for internet access outside of your home
The cost of a computer is too expensive
Broadband service is not available where you live, or is not
available at an acceptable speed
Or some other reason
(VOL.) Don?t know BBSMART4
(VOL.) Refused BBSMART4
None is a reason
5
12
33
10
10
5
16
3
3
9
Question was asked of respondents who gave two or more ?Yes? responses in BBSMART3. Results shown here also include
respondents who gave only one ?Yes? response in BBSMART3.
9
WEB1 Please
tell me if you ever use any of the following social media sites. Do you ever use…
[INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE ITEMS a-e FIRST AS A BLOCK, THEN RANDOMIZE
ITEMS f-i AS A BLOCK]? 6
YES, DO THIS
NO, DO NOT
DO THIS
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
a.
Twitter
22
78
0
0
b.
Instagram
37
63
*
0
c.
Facebook
69
31
0
0
d.
Snapchat
24
76
*
0
e.
YouTube
73
26
*
0
f.
WhatsApp
20
79
1
0
g.
Pinterest
28
71
1
*
h.
LinkedIn
27
73
*
0
i.
Reddit
11
88
1
0
Trend based on internet users [N=1,372]; see last column for trend based on total
YES, DO THIS
YES, DO THIS
NO, DO NOT
DO THIS
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
(Based on All
Adults)
24
27
26
24
23
18
18
16
16
76
73
74
76
77
82
82
84
84
0
*
0
0
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
0
0
*
*
0
22
24
21
20
19
14
15
13
13
41
39
34
29
26
17
13
12
59
61
66
71
74
82
87
88
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
1
0
*
*
0
0
0
0
0
37
35
28
24
21
14
11
9
Use Twitter
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
September 2014
September 2013
May 2013
December 2012
August 2012
Use Instagram
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
September 2014
September 2013
December 2012
August 2012
6
The wording in January 2018 was ?Please tell me if you ever use any of the following social media sites online or on
your cell phone. Do you ever use… [INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE]??. May 2013 wording was ?Do you ever use the
internet to? [INSERT ITEM; RANDOMIZE]?? August and December 2012, as well as September 2013 through
September 2014 wording was ?Please tell me if you ever use the internet to do any of the following things. Do you
ever? [INSERT ITEM; RANDOMIZE]?? April 2015 through April 2016 question wording was ?Please tell me if you ever
use the internet or a mobile app to do any of the following things. Do you ever use the internet or a mobile app to…
[INSERT ITEM; RANDOMIZE]??
10
YES, DO THIS
YES, DO THIS
NO, DO NOT
DO THIS
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
(Based on All
Adults)
31
32
30
30
28
21
15
12
68
67
69
69
72
77
83
87
*
*
*
1
*
2
2
1
*
*
0
*
0
*
0
*
28
29
26
26
22
17
13
10
75
76
79
72
71
71
67
66
25
24
21
28
28
29
33
34
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
1
0
*
*
0
0
0
0
0
69
68
68
62
58
57
57
54
29
28
28
24
28
22
20
71
71
71
75
72
77
79
*
1
1
1
*
1
1
0
*
0
0
0
*
*
27
25
25
22
23
17
16
26
30
74
70
*
*
0
*
24
27
79
81
20
18
*
*
0
*
73
73
21
24
78
75
1
*
0
*
20
22
Use Pinterest
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
September 2014
September 2013
December 2012
August 2012
Use Facebook7
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
September 2014
September 2013
December 13-16, 2012
August 2012
Use LinkedIn
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
September 2014
September 2013
August 2012
Use Snapchat
Current
January 2018
Use YouTube
Current
January 2018
Use WhatsApp
Current
January 2018
7
December 13-16, 2012 trend was asked of all internet users as a standalone question: “Do you ever use Facebook?”
11
Thinking about the social media sites you use… About how often do you visit or
[INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE]? [READ CATEGORIES AS NECESSARY]8
SNS2
use
SEVERAL
TIMES A
DAY
ABOUT ONCE
A DAY
A FEW
TIMES A
WEEK
EVERY
FEW
WEEKS
LESS
OFTEN
(VOL.)
DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
25
26
24
25
22
29
17
20
20
14
14
17
29
25
23
23
24
21
10
13
14
16
15
12
18
15
18
22
25
20
0
*
*
1
*
1
*
*
*
*
0
0
42
38
36
35
32
35
21
22
16
24
17
22
21
21
26
18
24
21
6
8
10
10
10
6
11
9
12
12
16
15
0
*
0
*
1
1
0
*
0
*
0
0
51
51
55
42
45
40
23
23
21
27
25
24
17
17
16
22
17
23
3
4
3
4
6
6
6
6
4
5
6
8
*
*
1
0
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
0
46
49
15
14
17
21
8
5
15
10
0
1
0
*
32
29
19
17
32
34
9
12
8
9
*
*
0
*
Item A: Based on Twitter users
a. Twitter
Current [N=327]
January 2018 [N=458]
April 2016 [N=183]
April 2015 [N=193]
Sept 2014 [N=323]
Sept 2013 [N=223]
Item B: Based on Instagram users
b. Instagram
Current [N=493]
January 2018 [N=627]
April 2016 [N=207]
April 2015 [N=219]
Sept 2014 [N=317]
Sept 2013 [N=196]
Item C: Based on Facebook users
c. Facebook
Current [N=1,005]
January 2018 [N=1,336]
April 2016 [N=556]
April 2015 [N=600]
Sept 2014 [N=1,074]
Sept 2013 [N=960]
Item D: Based on Snapchat users
d. Snapchat
Current [N=285]
January 2018 [N=451]
Item E: Based on YouTube users
e. YouTube
Current [N=1,071]
January 2018 [N=1,450]
8
April 2016 question wording was ?Thinking about the social media sites or mobile apps you use… About how often do
you visit or use [INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE]?? April 2015 items were each asked of a half sample of
respondents who use that specific type of social media. September 2013 trend categories were several times a
day, about once a day, 3-5 days a week, 1-2 days a week, every few weeks or less often. Results shown here for
?a few times a week? combine ?3-5 days a week? and ?1-2 days a week?.
12
DEVICE1 Please
tell me if you happen to have each of the following items, or not. Do you have…
[INSERT ITEMS; RANDOMIZE]?
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
52
53
51
48
45
35
34
25
25
18
14
10
10
8
7
5
4
3
48
46
49
52
54
65
66
75
75
81
85
89
90
92
92
95
96
97
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
0
b. A tablet computer9
Current
January 2018
November 2016
April 2016
April 2015
September 2013
May 2013
November 2012
August 2012
April 2012
February 2012
December 2011
August 2011
May 2011
January 2011
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
9
November 2016 item wording was ?A tablet computer like an iPad, Samsung Galaxy Tab, Microsoft Surface Pro, or
Amazon Fire.? May 2013 through April 2016, item wording was “A tablet computer like an iPad, Samsung Galaxy
Tab, Google Nexus, or Kindle Fire.” April 2015 item was asked of a half sample A. December 2011 through
November 2012, item wording was ?A tablet computer like an iPad, Samsung Galaxy, Motorola Xoom, or Kindle
Fire.? In May 2011 and August 2011, item wording was ?A tablet computer like an iPad, Samsung Galaxy or
Motorola Xoom.? January 2011 and earlier, item wording was ?A tablet computer like an iPad?
13
c.
YES
NO
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
74
73
78
74
73
78
80
75
76
77
77
76
79
74
73
75
78
74
75
72
26
27
22
26
27
22
20
25
24
22
23
24
21
26
27
25
22
26
25
27
*
*
*
0
0
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
0
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
—-
38
39
41
38
42
42
37
41
62
61
59
62
57
58
63
59
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
A desktop or laptop computer10
Current
January 2018
November 2016
April 2016
April 2015
November 2012
April 2012
December 2011
August 2011
May 2011
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
January 2010
December 2009
September 2009
April 2009
April 2008
Dec 2007
April 2006
d. A game console11
Current
January 2018
April 2015
November 2010
September 2010
May 2010
September 2009
April 2009
10
April 2015 item was asked of a half sample A. Prior to December 2011, ?A desktop computer? and ?A laptop
computer or netbook? were asked as separate items in the list. Results shown here have been recalculated to
combine responses for trend purposes.
11
April 2009 through April 2015 item wording was ?A game console like Xbox or Play Station.?
14
BOOKS1 During the past 12 months, about how many BOOKS did you read either all or part of
the way through? Please include any print, electronic, or audiobooks you may have read or
listened to.
Current
January 2018
April 2016
April 2015
January 2-5, 2014
September 2013
November 2012
February 2012
December 2011
NONE
1 BOOK
2-3
BOOKS
27
24
25
26
23
16
23
23
18
6
5
7
6
5
6
7
6
6
14
15
16
16
14
16
14
17
13
4-5
BOOKS
6-10
BOOKS
11-20
BOOKS
MORE
THAN 20
BOOKS
(VOL.)
DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
9
12
12
11
12
12
12
13
12
14
16
13
14
17
17
15
14
15
13
12
11
12
13
14
13
11
14
15
14
15
14
15
16
14
13
17
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
3
*
1
1
*
*
1
1
1
1
15
BOOKS2 Thinking about all of the books you have read in the past 12 months, were any of
those… [INSERT ITEMS IN ORDER]? Were any of those … [INSERT NEXT ITEM]?
Based on those who read any books in the past 12 months [N=1097]
a.
January 2018 [N=1,555]
April 2016 [N=1,214]
April 2015 [N=1,493]
January 2014 [N=780]
November 2012 [N=1,754]
February 2012 [N=1,377]12
December 2011 [N=2,474]
(VOL.) DON?T
KNOW
(VOL.)
REFUSED
89
89
90
87
91
89
90
93
11
11
9
12
8
10
10
7
*
*
*
1
*
1
*
*
0
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
27
24
20
17
19
17
15
14
73
76
80
83
81
83
85
86
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
0
0
0
*
0
35
34
38
37
37
30
29
21
65
65
61
63
63
69
71
78
*
1
*
*
*
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
0
*
*
*
Audiobooks
January 2018 [N=1,144]
Current [N=1,555]
April 2016 [N=1,214]
April 2015 [N=1,493]
January 2014 [N=780]
November 2012 [N=1,754]
February 2012 [N=1,377]
December 2011 [N=2,474]
c.
NO
Printed books
Current [N=1,144]
b.
YES
E-books13
January 2018 [N=1,144]
Current [N=1,555]
April 2016 [N=1,214]
April 2015 [N=1,493]
January 2014 [N=780]
November 2012 [N=1,754]
February 2012 [N=1,377]
December 2011 [N=2,474]
12
In February 2012, the question was added after interviewing began and trend results are based on respondents who
were asked the question and who read any books in the past 12 months.
13
December 2011 through April 2016, item wording was ?Electronic books, also called e-books.?
16

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