Description
Please reply to the following 3 DQs with 100-150 words each. Thank you
Miriam:
According to Hofst?dter-Thalmann et al. (2022), the five principles of adult learning should be applied to any training which consists of the following:
- The role of prior knowledge- learning entails first activating prior knowledge and then connecting new information to it. The latest information can only be incorporated into the learner’s knowledge structure if past knowledge is activated.
- Context-dependent Memory- Learning takes place in a setting. It is difficult to incorporate new information into memory if it is delivered in an abstract form without context. Providing context allows the learner to (1) better understand the new information (for example, by providing examples)
- Elaboration: learning is an active construction of meaning- Learning is an activity in which students consciously generate their own meaning by making sense of all the information and connecting it to what they already know.
- Knowledge Organization: Memory Storage and Retrieval- Memory retrieval entails the activation of a concept as well as the activation of related concepts in a network (spreading activation). Memory network structures can be encapsulated to boost storage and re-activation efficiency if knowledge becomes specialized via experience and many years of expertise growth.
- Learning should be situational: Situational interest is activated by learners realizing that they have a knowledge gap regarding the stimulus presented. It has proven to be a powerful mechanism that leads to information-seeking behavior.
For learning to be successful in end user training, learners still need to be provided with a context to activate their prior knowledge, be situationally interested, and engaged in active construction of meaning. A good example where adult learning principle was utilized at my job was quality improvement process training. Here, the trainer applied principle # 1: prior knowledge using polling questions on the new content to be presented. This helped to refresh what we have learned about the subject previously. Principle #3: Elaboration: interactive patient cases reflecting different clinical situations were used to activate learners’ knowledge to increase the stimulus for new data presented.
Venisha:
The term used to describe the facilitation of adult learning is andragogy, based on the idea that adults learn differently from children as adults consider themselves independent and self-directed learners. Several principles can be used to guide adult learning.
- Establishing an effective learning environment includes creating a space where learners feel confident expressing themselves.
- Learners should be involved in planning the content and learning process to increase investment and relevance.
- Learners should be guided to discover their own needs through self-assessment and to create their own learning objectives to facilitate integration of learning with assistance when necessary
- Learners should be tasked with finding their own resources to accomplish chosen objectives.
- Evaluation of learning should be a self-directed process.
The above principles are key to facilitate formal adult learning while at the same time encouraging the skills for lifelong learning. These skills are considered so important that the United Nations included it in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Goal 4 is to ?ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.?
The recent trainings I have endured involved the implementation of new technologies within our pharmacy. They were ineffectual, and I can see now why. They were very one-sided, basically a quick presentation with a Q&A session afterwards. All these implemented technologies had to be self-learned afterwards. This reflects the effectiveness of a more self-directed approach to learning and the ability to find appropriate resources to achieve necessary learning objectives.
Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (n.d.).
Home | Sustainable development.
United Nations. Retrieved January 2, 2022, from
https://sdgs.un.org/
Vallabha, T., & Patil, S. (2021). Principle of adult learning: theories & learning process. In T Vallabha (ed.),
Being a competent medical teacher
(pp. 11-24). Mahi Publications, Ahmedabad.
References
Hofst?dter-Thalmann, E., Rotgans, J. I., Aybar Perez, N., & Nordquist, J. (2022). Effective learning in virtual conferences: The application of five principles of learning.
Journal of European CME
,
11
(1).
https://doi.org/10.1080/21614083.2021.2019435
Sijan:
To effectively transmit information within an organization, either through a dedicated training program or a more general organizational learning effort, adult learning principles should be utilized. Adult learning theories give us insights on how to set up learning environments to get the best out of students. Adult learners come with knowledge and life experience and want to be able to apply those lessons in new environments.
Principles of adult learning are:
- Self-directed
- Transformational
- Experiential
- Mentorship
- Orientation to (or of) learning
- Motivation
- Readiness to learn
For example, mentorship principles refer to learning from an outside mentor (established figure) in a field. As an organization develops its training program, creating opportunities for mentorship can add a great amount of value for both the mentor and mentee and has the bonus of developing relationships within and across teams. While I was taking training for skilled birth attendants (SBA), the mentorship principle was utilized as we were sent to the birthing center and were trained by the specialist of the hospital. Many of the above-mentioned principles were utilized as self-directed as we were learning at our own pace in our own way.
Reference:
Fairbanks, B. (2021).
7 Adult Learning Theories and Principles | Tips, Guides, and More
. University of Phoenix. Retrieved 4 February 2022, from
https://www.phoenix.edu/blog/adult-learning-theories-principles.html
.
8 Adult Learning Principles | Use them in Your Training
. Valamis. (2020). Retrieved 4 February 2022, from https://www.valamis.com/hub/adult-learning-principles#mentorship.
