Description
Literature Evaluation Table
Student Name: Cosette Hodges
Summary of Clinical Issue
Aging is a major concern in developed countries. Unfortunately, aging is associated with a plethora of mental health issues,
including cognitive decline and dementia. Findings from recent studies suggest there are nearly 50 million people with dementia
globally, which translates to about 5% of the population above 65 years. By 2050, the number of persons with dementia is expected to
exceed 131.5 million (Lauriks et al., 2018). Dementia is chronic and progressive; while the need for care in the early stages is minimal
and can be handled by informal caregivers, the situation deteriorates as the disease progresses. Professional care providers are required
as the disease progresses, which necessitates admission to a nursing home.
Despite the relatively high prevalence of dementia among the elderly, scientists are yet to develop a successful intervention to
minimize the cognitive decline in this population. Cognitive decline is associated with the inability to undertake activities of daily
living, necessitating assistance. The high prevalence necessitates the development of technological interventions to ensure these
people continue living safely and independently in the community for as long as possible. The rationale for these interventions is that
living in familiar spaces is invaluable for persons with a cognitive decline since they are deeply conversant with all the objects around
them, the navigation routes, and the general layout.
PICOT Question: In geriatric patients, what is the effect of assistive technology on community living compared with telecare
? 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Criteria
Article 1
Article 2
Article 3
APA-
Asghar, I., Cang, S., & Yu, H.
Nishiura, Y., Nihei, M.,
Howard, R., Gathercole, R., Bradley, R., Harper, E.,
Formatted
(2018). Impact evaluation of
Nakamura-Thomas, H., &
Davis, L., Pank, L., Lam, N., Talbot, E., Hooper, E.,
Article
assistive technology support for
Inoue, T. (2019). Effectiveness of
Winson, R., Scutt, B., Ordonez Montano, V., Nunn, S.,
Citation with
people with dementia. Assistive
using assistive technology for
Lavelle, G., Bateman, A., Bentham, P., Burns, A.,
Permalink
Technology, 31(4), 180-
time orientation and memory in
Dunk, B., Forsyth, K., ? Gray, R. (2021). The
192. https://doi.org/10.1080/104004
older adults with or without
effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of assistive
35.2017.1411405
dementia. Disability and
technology and telecare for independent living in
Rehabilitation: Assistive
dementia: A randomized controlled trial. Age and
Technology, 16(5), 472-
Ageing, 50(3), 882-
478. https://doi.org/10.1080/1748
890. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaa284
3107.2019.1650299
How Does the
The article identifies factors for
The length of community living
The article assesses the effect of ATT on community
Article Relate
assistive technology in PWD (people
for a PWD is contingent on the
living for PWD. The findings from this study can
2
to the PICOT
living with dementia) and how they
integrity of their memory and time
inform exploration of the impact of ATT on the length
Question?
impact long-term use. Knowledge of
orientation. A marked impairment
of community living for PWDs.
these factors is instrumental in
in these elements compromises
determining the effect of assistive
their ability to live safely and
technology on community living for
independently in the community.
this population.
The findings from this study
constitutes invaluable literature to
assess how the assistive
technology influences community
living.
Quantitative,
Qualitative
Quantitative
Quantitative
Qualitative
Uses a questionnaire
Uses a randomized control trial
Uses randomized control trial
(How do you
know?)
3
Purpose
To identify critical factors of
To determine the effect of using an To determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of
Statement
assistive technology and evaluate
electric calendar on elderly
their relative significance and
persons with or without dementia.
ATT in enabling PWD to live safely in the community
retention.
Research
What are the critical factors for
What is the effect of using an
Would the provision of a full package of ATT lengthen
Question
assistive technology (ATs) used by
electric calendar on elderly
the time that PWDs live safely and independently in the
PWD?
persons with or without dementia?
community compared to a basic package?
Assistive technology prolongs
Assistive technology improves the
ATT does not have a significant impact on the length of
community living for PWD
quality of life of PWD
community living for a PWD
How do these factors impact AT
effectiveness and long-term use?
What are the requirements of the
PWD from the future ATs?
Outcome
Setting
Pakistan
Japan
4
UK
(Where did the
study take
place?)
Sample
327 participants
27 participants
495 participants
Method
Exploratory
Cross-over randomized control
Randomized control trial
trial
Key Findings
Assistive technology improves
A notable increase in Mini-Mental
ATT did not significantly improve community living
of the Study
confidence in persons with dementia
Examination score
Participants with full ATT had fewer QALYs
which improves independence
Improved daily healthcare
activities
Recommendati
Further research in other South
Further research with patients with Further studies to determine whether extensive ATT
ons of the
Asian countries and a comparison
varying levels of cognitive decline
Researcher
with Western countries
Criteria
Article 4
systems promote community living for older patients
with dementia
Article 5
5
Article 6
APAFormatted
Article
Citation with
Permalink
Johannessen, T. B., Storm, M., &
Karlsen, C., Moe, C. E.,
Forsyth, K., Henderson, C., Davis, L., Singh Roy, A.,
Holm, A. L. (2019). Safety for older
Haraldstad, K., & Thygesen, E.
Dunk, B., Curnow, E., Gathercole, R., Lam, N.,
adults using telecare: Perceptions of
(2018). Caring by Telecare? A
Harper, E., Leroi, I., Woolham, J., Fox, C.,
homecare professionals. Nursing
hermeneutic study of experiences
O’Brien, J., Bateman, A., Poland, F., Bentham, P.,
Open, 6(3), 1254-
among older adults and their
Burns, A., Davies, A., Gray, R., ? Howard, R.
1261. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.3
family caregivers. Journal of
(2019). Assessment of need and practice for assistive
28
Clinical Nursing, 1-
technology and telecare for people with dementia?
36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14
The ATTILA (Assistive technology and Telecare to
744
maintain independent living at home for people with
dementia) trial. Alzheimer’s & Dementia:
Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 5(1),
420-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trci.2019.07.010
How Does the
Article Relate
to the PICOT
Question?
The article addresses telecare from
The study examines telecare from
The researchers in this study seek to establish whether
the perspective of home care
the perspective of older adults
the use of ATT facilitates community living for older
professionals. The insight from these living independently in their
6
persons. The findings from this study expand the
professionals can be used to inform
community. Insight from this
existing body of literature that could be used to
an assessment of the effect of
population is invaluable because it
determine whether ATT has a significant effect on the
telecare on community living for
constitutes feedback on whether
length of time that PWDs can live safely and
PWDs.
telecare has enabled them to live
independently in the community.
safely and independently in the
community.
Quantitative,
Qualitative
(How do you
know?)
Purpose
Statement
Qualitative
Qualitative
Quantitative
Uses explorative study design
It uses a hermeneutic study design
Uses a randomized control trial study design
To explore the perception of
To obtain a deeper understanding of To provide insight on routine ATT practice and
homecare professionals on the safety the persistent use of telecare for
of telecare in older adults
systems in place to deliver ATT for PWD.
older adults and their family
caregivers
Research
Question
How do homecare professionals
How do community-dwelling older
What ATT practices are in place to facilitate efficient
perceive safety in relation to older
adults and their family caregivers
delivery of ATT to PWD?
adults’ use of telecare?
experience the use of telecare as
part of home care services?
7
Outcome
Telecare prolongs community living
Telecare improves the safety,
ATT delays the need for care and support; improves
for PWD
security, and independence of older
safety and the quality of life
adults with dementia
Setting
(Where did the
study take
place?)
Sample
Method
Key Findings
of the Study
Norway
Norway
UK
10 female homecare professionals
18 participants
495 participants
Explorative study design
Hermeneutic research
Randomized control trial
Telecare reduces the risk of injury,
Improved safety, security, and
There is a low correlation between ATT needs and the
improves security by reducing the
independence
recommend practices
risk of harm, and creates the feeling
Telecare eases the caregivers’
There is moderate correlation between ATT and
of safety
concerns
installation recommendations
Technological limitations in older
While caregivers benefit from
adults and difficulties understanding
telecare, it also adds their care
and using the technology could
burden
cause harm
8
While telecare improves safety, it is
imperative to design reliable and
adaptable technology based on the
user’s ability, skills, and resources
Recommendati
ons of the
Researcher
Develop reliable and adaptable
Increase the use of telecare for
Strict adherence to recommended use and installation
telecare systems that can be adjusted
older adults to improve safety
guidelines is needed for optimal benefit
to suit the user’s ability, skills, and
security, and facilitate
resources
independence
Nurses should offer continuous
information, follow up, and
evaluation
9
Research Critique Guidelines ? Part I
Qualitative Studies
Background of Study
1. Summary of studies
Karlsen, C., Moe, C. E., Haraldstad, K., & Thygesen, E. (2018). Caring by Telecare? A
hermeneutic study of experiences among older adults and their family
caregivers. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14744
Problem: Telecare technology has been around for nearly a decade. There are at least
three generations of telecare technology currently in use. While this technology has
proven popular and effective to families with elderly persons, the available literature on
their use is limited. Some developed countries are headed towards an ageing population if
they are not already there; this eventuality will necessitate widespread use of telecare to
ensure the elderly continue living in place while enjoying a reasonable quality of life. The
current study seeks to expand the available literature evaluating the sentiment of older
adults and family caregivers that rely on telecare.
Significance to nursing: Aging is associated with a gradual loss of functionality and
independence. Older persons also typically have a variety of chronic health conditions
that further exacerbate their overall health status and necessitate the provision of care.
Older patients with dementia face even more challenges due to the gradual loss of
memory function. Two options are available for these patients-community living or
? 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
institutionalization. However, each of these has its consequences. Institutionalization is
costly; the family is forced to bear a substantial financial burden if they choose to commit
their patient to a nursing home.
Living in the community is the ideal choice for older adults; this affords them the comfort
of familiarity and guarantees a high quality of life compared to institutionalization.
However, their fading functionality leaves them susceptible to injuries. Telecare
technology improves safety, guarantees a high quality of life, and ensures that elderly
persons can live within the community for as long as practicable. Besides, this
technology also provides the mechanisms for constant health status monitoring, ensuring
the patient obtains nearly the same care as they would if they were admitted to an
institution.
Purpose: The study focuses on the need to better understand the continued use of
telecare from the perspective of older adults and their family caregivers.
Objective: The study aims to gain extensive knowledge on the long-term use of telecare
services for older adults and their family caregivers.
Research question: How do community-dwelling older adults and their family
caregivers experience the use of telecare as part of home care services?
Asghar, I., Cang, S., & Yu, H. (2018). Impact evaluation of assistive technology support
for people with dementia. Assistive Technology, 31(4), 180192. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2017.1411405
2
Problem: The global population is ageing at a tremendous rate. Ageing is associated with
an increased incidence of Alzheimer?s and dementia. The more people age, the higher the
incidence and prevalence of Alzheimer?s and dementia. A 2014 study established that
46.8 million persons globally had dementia (Asghar et al., 2018). The prevalence is
expected to grow to 78 million and 139 million in 2030 and 2050, respectively (Lauriks
et al., 2018).
Dementia is associated with diminishing body functionality. Subsequently, their
capability to execute activities of daily living deteriorates over time. Dementia attracts a
huge healthcare cost, increases the mortality rate, and has a negative implication on the
careers of family members responsible for providing the requisite care (Asghar et al.,
2018). Although Alzheimer?s and dementia are not new health conditions, and despite the
extensive studies that have been conducted to develop a treatment regimen, scientists are
yet to make a breakthrough.
The rising prevalence of the ageing population, and dementia, without a viable
treatment option future, necessitates the use of assistive technology (AT) to provide
complementary support to persons with dementia. The current and anticipated rise in the
demand for ATs necessitates extensive knowledge of their use factors. The study seeks to
plug gaps in the literature on the adoption of ATs for providing care to PWD, the factors
affecting its adoption, and their implication for long-term use.
Significance to nursing: PWD requires extra care to execute activities of daily living.
The need for care increases as dementia progresses, with crippling economic and social
implications. ATs allow the PWD to live comfortably in the community, which
guarantees a high quality of life, but unknown underlying factors influence its adoption
3
and long term use. The current study seeks to unearth these factors and evaluate their
implication.
Purpose: The current study aims to establish the impact of assistive technology in
supporting elderly PWD. The researchers explore the contribution of assistive technology
factors to the effect of assistive technology.
Objective: This study aims to expand the literature by filling the existing gaps such as
identification of factors influencing the usability of AT, the effect of these factors on the
effectiveness of AT and its long-term retention. The study also seeks to contribute to
identifying the requirements for the adoption of AT in the future for PWD.
Research question: The study is guided by three research questions:
What are the important factors for ATs used by the PWD?
How do these factors impact AT effectiveness and long term use?
What are the requirements of the PWD from the future ATs?
How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?
1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.
These articles provide a basis for arguing the value of assistive technology in facilitating
living in place for elderly persons with or without dementia. The studies provide the
necessary empirical evidence to assess the implication of assistive technology and
telecare on the quality of life of elderly persons living in the community.
2. How the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to the PICOT
question
The interventions and comparison between groups in these articles provide evidence to
support either telecare or assistive technology. The recommendations from these articles
4
will be used as a basis to argue the position of AT and telecare to community living for
elderly persons. The articles will also be used to discuss the factors that influence the
long term utilization of telecare and ATs.
Method of Study:
1. Methods of the two articles
Asghar et al.?s article uses an explorative study design, while Karlsen et al. use a
hermeneutic study design. A hermeneutic research design relies on interpreting the
empirical data obtained from the respondent. The data contains the personal experiences
of the respondents. Karlsen et al. investigate aspects that have not been studied in-depth
before.
2. Benefit and limitations of each method
Hermeneutic research design allows the researcher to understand the reasoning behind
human reactions in context. The drawback of this method is that human reactions are
subjective and open to interpretation. An exploratory design lacks a structure, allowing
the researcher to use their discretion, and culminating in better flexibility. On the
backside, exploratory research design can result in inconclusive findings.
Results of Study
1. Summary of key findings
Asghar et al.?s article found that operational support is critical for adopting AT. This
means that the long term use of ATs is influenced by their operation, maintenance
routines, and the practicality of the instructions in the manual. The study also established
that psychological support factors, social support, culture, affordability, and reduction in
5
external help all influence the adoption of AT. Karlsen et al. (2018), in their article, found
that telecare improves the safety, security, and independence of elderly persons with or
without dementia. The researchers further established that although elderly persons have
challenges using telecare technology, they continue using the services. However, telecare
has its limitations and does not cover all the needs of elderly persons.
2. Implications of the two studies in nursing practice
The findings from Karlsen et al.?s article means that telecare is instrumental in providing
care for geriatric patients and empowering them to live in place despite their diminishing
functionality. The article also reveals that telecare poses challenges to elderly patients,
influencing their adoption and long term use. However, despite these limitations, the
patients continue using the technology due to the associated health benefits. The findings
from this study prove that telecare is essential in supporting the administration of
healthcare to elderly persons. Asghar et al.?s article identify a plethora of factors that
influence the adoption and sustained use of assistive technology. The findings from this
study prove that ATs provide more value and a more comprehensive range of support to
elderly persons than telecare.
Ethical Considerations
1. Ethics in research
Voluntary participation and informed consent are essential ethical considerations in
research. Respondents should participate voluntarily without coercion, intimidation, or
incentives as these would influence their responses. The participants should be fully
6
informed about the nature of the study and what it entails; these details should guide them
to making an informed choice.
2. Voluntary participation and informed consent in the articles
Karlsen et al., in their study, ensured that respondents participated voluntarily and gave
informed consent. In contrast, Asghar et al. do not disclose the nature of participation or
provision for informed consent.
7
References
Asghar, I., Cang, S., & Yu, H. (2018). Impact evaluation of assistive technology support for
people with dementia. Assistive Technology, 31(4), 180192. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2017.1411405
Karlsen, C., Moe, C. E., Haraldstad, K., & Thygesen, E. (2018). Caring by Telecare? A
hermeneutic study of experiences among older adults and their family caregivers. Journal
of Clinical Nursing, 1-36. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.14744
Lauriks, S., Meiland, F., Ost?, J. P., Hertogh, C., & Dr?es, R. (2018). Effects of assistive home
technology on quality of life and falls of people with dementia and job satisfaction of
caregivers: Results from a pilot randomized controlled trial. Assistive Technology, 32(5),
243-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400435.2018.1531952
8
Research Critique Guidelines ? Part II
Use this document to organize your essay. Successful completion of this assignment requires that
you provide a rationale, include examples, and reference content from the studies in your
responses.
Quantitative Studies
Background
1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and
research question.
How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose?
1. Discuss how these two articles will be used to answer your PICOT question.
2. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those
identified in your PICOT question.
Method of Study:
1. State the methods of the two articles you are comparing and describe how they are
different.
2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles and state one benefit and one
limitation of each method.
Results of Study
1. Summarize the key findings of each study in one or two comprehensive paragraphs.
2. What are the implications of the two studies you chose in nursing practice?
Outcomes Comparison
1. What are the anticipated outcomes for your PICOT question?
2. How do the outcomes of your chosen articles compare to your anticipated outcomes?
? 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
Purchase answer to see full
attachment
