Saudi Electronic University Health Care Beyond the Hospital Discussion

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Originality Report
SafeAssign Originality Report
(Current Semester – ‫)الفصل الحالي‬HCM-550: Healthcare Policy Analysis… • Module 06: Critical Thinking
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HAJER ALSUBAIE
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34
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34 %
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03/05/22
1,882
07:47 PM GMT+3
Highest: hcm 61.docx
hcm 61.docx
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Health Care beyond the Hospital
Hajer Adel Alsubaie
G200319582
2
Colorado State University Global
HCM-550
Dr. T.Brook Tillman
5 March 2022
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Health Care beyond the Hospital
Introduction According to the World Health Organization, primary health care is a society approach towards health that give more insights into ensuring the
well-being and highest possible health level and their equitable distribution aiming at people’s needs. In this regard, those equitable distributions are noticed as
early as possible aligned with the continuum from disease prevention and health promotion to treatment, palliative care and rehabilitation.
3
In light of the
American health care system, it is beset with inequalities and disparities that have disproportionate impact on marginalized groups and African-Americans.
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These disparities and inequalities contribute to gaps in uneven access to service, poorer health outcome among particular populations and health insurance
coverage (Amuta-Jimenez et al., 2020). Although the Civil Rights Act have been able to make effective strides in American society, poor individuals are still experiencing infirmity and illness at extremely high rates.
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Clearly explain the health disparities and why it is worse for the poor. There are various disparities in
the United States’ health system. Social determinants such as education, sexual identity, socioeconomic status, and ethnicity can significantly impact health outcomes in a particular risk population.
5
According to Healthy People of 2020, health disparity is a specific type of health difference associated with environ-
mental, social and economic disadvantage. One of the health disparities is race and ethnicity, which is the disadvantage and advantages that various groups
face. Health disparities that involve ethnicity and race have remained a fundamental health issue despite improvements in access to social mobility, healthcare
and education. Another health disparity is affected by an individual’s gender. In most nations, men tend to have low life expectancy than women. Similarly, the
difference is not significant in America, with female life expectancy being 80per cent and male being 75 per cent. Some factors that contribute to this difference
include cultural, biological and environmental. In other words, cultural and societal differences in women and men contribute to differences in health outcomes
and expectancy. Besides, an individual’s sexual identity is highly associated with some health disparities. As of May 2018, numerous United States, adults identify as transgender, gay or bisexual. The LGBT community in America has different health trends and outcomes than their heterosexual counterparts (AmutaJimenez et al., 2020). This group experience more health disparities, stress, stigma, discrimination and an overall higher risk for poor health behaviours and
health outcomes. These disparities are worse for the poor since they result in high costs, diminish life quality, and decrease productivity. Health disparities take
a heavy toll on the U.S economy, thus increasing the cost of leaving. For a comprehensive understanding of this assertion, federal data show the health disparities reflected in premature death, higher health care spending and lost productivity. These macro-level costs have severe consequences for the poor (AmutaJimenez et al., 2020). Also, poor people experience higher death and illness rates across various health conditions, thus limiting the overall nation’s health.
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What are some of the moral and ethical obligations that may need to be applied to Saudi Arabia’s national policies? First, newly established public policies in
Saud Arabia should consider and outline ethical outcomes into its agenda and mission.
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Policies without ethical indicators would be ineffective and weak in
achieving long-term goals. For example, policies lacking ethical and moral obligations would jeopardize fragile populations like poor environmental, sanitary
conditions, cultural and social dilemmas that could cause a standard reduction in policy outcome and experienced healthcare. With this in mind, Saudi Arabia’s
national policy should incorporate testing research validity, organizational goals, visibility in plans, and evaluation methods. The policy inventors can leverage
resources by ensuring ethical and legal practices through governments. For example, to initiate a health policy within the country, leaders can levy particular
services and goods as their leveraging tools and create partnerships among themselves (Lever & Poama, 2019). In addition to this, resources like military, water,
oil and vaccination in efforts to care and treat for the sick. Secondly, Saudi Arabia’s national policies should not allow international and domestic inequalities to
occur when seeking to prevent widespread management and diseases. These policies can be determined by policy inventor’s ability to partnership with host
countries with fewer resources ad leverage resources. As a means to implement and conduct skilled team members and educate targeted populations to allow
equality among all participants.
There are several interest groups and governing bodies to help incorporate and alleviate policy ethics. Thirdly, scare tools and poor resource management
could deter or delay adequate policy implementation both short and long term goals. Therefore, it is essential for Saudi Arabia national policy inventors should
take stark detail to their inventory. Lastly, Saudi Arabia national policies should strategies planning since strategies in planning policies can increase its overall
success (Lever & Poama, 2019). Both social and political restraints can cause an abruption experienced and inequality healthcare services.
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What are some
of the positive social changes that need to be accomplished to protect these populations? Social and poverty impact analysis is a practical analytical approach to
assess the social and distributional impacts of policy reforms on various groups, emphasising the vulnerable and the poor. In this regard, the first positive social
change that needs to be accomplished to protect these populations is providing evidence on the distributional, poverty and social effects of reforms. By giving
evidence, they can make evidence-based and informed decisions that help quantify and identify the potential risks. Based on the results, the government can
decide to expand the monitoring system in order to cover the entire country. This change also contributes to solidifying social accountability. Identifying alternative options to develop positive outcomes and poverty reduction is the second social change that needs to be accomplished to protect these populations. The
third positive social change that needs to be accomplished to protect these populations is proposing course and changes corrections to a program and policy as
well as identifying measures to mitigate adverse impacts. Creating space around reforms for public dialogue through engaging stakeholders is the fourth positive social change that needs to be accomplished to protect these populations (Abaker et al., 2019). Doing so enhances policy effectiveness, increases transparency and accountability surrounding programs and policies, and contributes to a national dialogue. According to (Abaker et al., 2019) another positive social
change is improving communication capabilities. This social change brings solutions, inspires and motivates the parties involved, and drives change.
Additionally, it facilitates the sending and receiving messages without creating disruption and frustration of trust. Hence, it keeps individuals engaged and motivated. The sixth positive social change that needs to be accomplished to protect these populations is obtaining more and better accurate patient information.
Other social changes that need to be accomplished to protect these population is allocating resources and time to further adjustment and learning, developing
participant roles for society members and renewing assurances to positive change (Abaker et al., 2019).
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What unmoral and unethical acts could be used by
stakeholders to influence the policy changes? Stakeholders are individuals or groups that influence the success of policy changes. In other words, the failure
and success of any policy change can end or start with stakeholders. Failure to engage stakeholders can cost reputation and money, time and failure of the lifecycle policy.
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However, stakeholders use unethical and immoral acts to influence policy changes. One unethical act is assembling evidence required to ad-
dress the defined issue and why it is inappropriate. During the assembling process, stakeholders may use ethical principles and policy implications. However,
they may use personal stories, which is indeed unethical. It is often essential to show why policy changes are feasible. From a policy change perspective, stakeholder can promote a negative feedback loop that leads to greater return. Although negative feedback is immoral, stakeholders can use it to influence the policy changes.
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Summarize your recommendations for the national or regional health policy to protect vulnerable populations from this disparity. From my
perspective, I believe that nation’s success depends on whether all individuals, regardless of ethnicity and race, have an opportunity to thrive. For this reason, I
would recommend economic security programs like tax credits, housing assistance, social security and food assistance for the regional or national health policy
to protect vulnerable populations from disparities. This recommendation can provide a significant opportunity by ameliorating hardship and short term
poverty, thus improving children’s long-term outcomes. For a comprehensive understanding of this assertion, this program has helped reduce poverty for numerous individuals, including children who have been very susceptible to health disparities over the last half-century. At the same time, this recommendation
can help reduce barriers to opportunity, including disparities and discrimination in health care, employment, and education. Economic security programs can
become more effective at reducing not only health disparities but also reducing poverty (Basińska-Zych & Springer, 2021).
In 1970, the taxes individuals paid and the government benefits they received lowered the African-American poverty rate by two per cent and the white poverty
rate by three per cent and left the Latino poverty rate unchanged. In contrast, accounting for taxes lowered ad government benefits, the Latino poverty rate reduced by twelve per cent, African-American reduced by sixteen per cent, and the white poverty rate was reduced by twelve per cent in 2017. The economic program played a significant role in narrowing health disparities and lowering poverty among children.
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Moreover, numerous research have established that
assistance programs like health coverage and nutrition aid improve children’s long-term trajectories. For instance, some poverty reduction stemming improved
educational attainment due to investment in health care and nutrition years earlier before the children became adults (Basińska-Zych & Springer, 2021). I would
also recommend policymakers to make substantial progress in accessing opportunities by expanding the reach and scope of effective policies and reducing the
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gaping racial disparities like food assistance, housing vouchers and tax credits. Conclusion
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In conclusion, health disparities affect individual groups who have systematically experienced impediments to health based on their ethnic or racial
groups.
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These impediments to health are also based on gender, age, mental health, physical, cognitive, or sensory disability, geographic location, gender
identity or sexual orientation, religion, or socioeconomic status.
11
Over the years, achieving health equity and eliminating disparities have focused primarily
on illnesses or diseases and health care services. Nevertheless, the absence of diseases does not equate to better health (Amuta-Jimenez et al., 2020).
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Complex, strong relationships exist between health and genetics, individual behaviour, health and socioeconomic status, discrimination, racism, literacy level,
legislative policies, and the physical environment. References
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Amuta-Jimenez, A. O., Jacobs, W., & Smith, G. (2020).
why should we care?.
12
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Health disparities and the heterogeneity of Blacks/African Americans in the United States:
Health promotion practice, 21(4), 492-495.
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Basińska-Zych, A., & Springer, A. (2021).
14
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Organizational and individual outcomes
of health promotion strategies—a review of empirical research. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(2), 383. Lever, A., &
Poama, A. (Eds.). (2019). The Routledge handbook of ethics and public policy. Abaker, M. O. S.
Organizational policies and diversity management in Saudi Arabia. Employee Relations:
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M., Al-Titi, O. A.
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K., & Al-Nasr, N. S. (2019).
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The International Journal.Routledge.
Source Matches (27)
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Health Care beyond the Hospital
Health Care Beyond the Hospital
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Colorado State University – Global Campus
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Health Care beyond the Hospital
Health Care Beyond the Hospital
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In light of the American health care system, it is beset with inequalities and disparities
The American health care system in beset with inequalities that have a disproportion-
that have disproportionate impact on marginalized groups and African-Americans.
These disparities and inequalities contribute to gaps in uneven access to service,
ate impact on people of color and other marginalized groups These inequalities contribute to gaps in health insurance coverage, uneven access to services, and poorer
poorer health outcome among particular populations and health insurance coverage
(Amuta-Jimenez et al., 2020).
health outcomes among certain populations
4
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myaustralianacademy
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Clearly explain the health disparities and why it is worse for the poor.
Clearly explain the health disparities and why it is worse for the poor
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According to Healthy People of 2020, health disparity is a specific type of health differ-
Healthy People 2020 defines health disparity as “a specific type of health difference
ence associated with environmental, social and economic disadvantage.
that is closely related to social, economic, and/or environmental ineffectiveness
4
100%
myaustralianacademy
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What are some of the moral and ethical obligations that may need to be applied to
Saudi Arabia’s national policies?
What are some of the moral and ethical obligations that may need to be applied to
Saudi Arabia’s national policies
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Policies without ethical indicators would be ineffective and weak in achieving longterm goals.
Policies without ethical indicators would be weak and ineffective in achieving goals
and objectives
4
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myaustralianacademy
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What are some of the positive social changes that need to be accomplished to protect
What are some of the positive social changes that need to be accomplished to protect
these populations?
these populations
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myaustralianacademy
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What unmoral and unethical acts could be used by stakeholders to influence the pol-
What unmoral and unethical acts could be used by stakeholders to influence the pol-
icy changes?
icy changes
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However, stakeholders use unethical and immoral acts to influence policy changes.
Stakeholders could use Unmoral and unethical acts to influence the policy
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myaustralianacademy
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Summarize your recommendations for the national or regional health policy to protect
vulnerable populations from this disparity.
Summarize your recommendations for the national or regional health policy to protect
vulnerable populations from this disparity
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Moreover, numerous research have established that assistance programs like health
assistance programs like nutrition aid and health coverage improve children’s long
coverage and nutrition aid improve children’s long-term trajectories.
term trajectories
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pedagogyeducation
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In conclusion, health disparities affect individual groups who have systematically experienced impediments to health based on their ethnic or racial groups.
Health disparities adversely affect groups of people who have systematically experienced greater obstacles to health based on their racial or ethnic group
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These impediments to health are also based on gender, age, mental health, physical,
age, religion, geographic location, sexual orientation, gender identity, mental health,
cognitive, or sensory disability, geographic location, gender identity or sexual orientation, religion, or socioeconomic status.
physical disability, socioeconomic status, or race/ethnicity group (Braveman, 2014)
11
78%
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Over the years, achieving health equity and eliminating disparities have focused pri-
(Healthy people 2020) Over the years, efforts to eliminate disparities and achieve
marily on illnesses or diseases and health care services.
health equity have focused primarily on diseases or illnesses and health care services
…inalityReport/ultra?attemptId=bdf4b6d9-0095-40d8-91d5-60f360c3a3ca&course_id=_103972_1&includeDeleted=true&print=true&download=true 4/6
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pedagogyeducation
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Complex, strong relationships exist between health and genetics, individual behaviour,
Powerful, complex relationships exist between health and biology, genetics, and indi-
health and socioeconomic status, discrimination, racism, literacy level, legislative poli-
vidual behavior, and between health and health services, socioeconomic status, the
cies, and the physical environment.
physical environment, discrimination, racism, literacy levels, and legislative policies
12
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Amuta-Jimenez, A. O., Jacobs, W., & Smith, G.
Amuta-Jimenez, A O., Jacobs, W., & Smith, G
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Health disparities and the heterogeneity of Blacks/African Americans in the United
Health Disparities and the Heterogeneity of Blacks/African Americans in the United
States:
States
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twu
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why should we care?.
Why Should We Care
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Health promotion practice, 21(4), 492-495.
Health Promotion Practice, 21(4), 492–495
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Basińska-Zych, A., & Springer, A.
Basińska-Zych, A., & Springer, A
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Organizational and individual outcomes of health promotion strategies—a review of
empirical research. International journal of environmental research and public health,
Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies-A Review of
Empirical Research International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
18(2), 383.
18(2)
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M., Al-Titi, O.
M., Al-Titi, O
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K., & Al-Nasr, N.
K., & Al-Nasr, N
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Organizational policies and diversity management in Saudi Arabia.
Organizational policies and diversity management in Saudi Arabia
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The International Journal.Routledge.
The International Journal.‫‏‬
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