Suffolk University Philosophy Discussion

SOCIAL ETHICS: PHIL 123 A & B
Paper 1
Write a paper in response to the question below. The paper is due online on Monday, 14
February. The link for handing in your paper is provided on Blackboard under Course
Content. Late papers will not be accepted (unless there are serious extenuating
circumstances that need to be cleared before the due date with Professor Johnson). The
texts you need to use as sources for this paper are the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights (UDHR) and Fromm?s Man for Himself. Use quotations from both of these sources
in developing your arguments. The topic question (found at the end of these instructions)
is to be the title of your paper.
The papers should conform to the following specifications:
Paper Specifications:
– Length: 4 full pages of text.
– Margins: 1.25 inches on all sides.
– Pages should be numbered.
– Font Size: 12 point. (This is typed in 12 point.)
– Pages are to be numbered.
– Font Preferences: Times, Times New Roman, Constantia, or Baskerville.
– Type Spacing: double.
– Quotations of three (3) or fewer lines are to be placed between quotation marks
(?quotation?); quotations of four (4) or more lines are to be block quoted (indented
and single-spaced).
– Only the texts listed above can be used and quoted as sources. It is normal to have at
least two (2) quotations per page.
– Dictionaries and encyclopedias should never be quoted or cited. Such sources are not
appropriate for collegiate level work.
– Each quotation must have a proper reference note (in Chicago or MLA style). For
guidelines on the Chicago style check the following link.
http://concordia.csp.edu/writingcenter/wp-content/uploads/sites/12/final-draftchicago-style-paper.pdf
For guidelines on the MLA style go to Blackboard (under Course Content) and see
the MLA Style Sample Paper. There is also a sample paper for the Chicago style.
– Use of the words ?feel/felt? ?I?, ?my?, or ?me? is prohibited.
– No references to or quoting Professor Johnson?s lectures.
– The paper should be written in a serious and scholarly style; do not slang terms (eg,
?ok,? ?okay,? or ?kids?) or contractions (eg, ?don?t? or ?can?t?).
– Your paper is not to be an analysis or report on what your read in the assigned works
for this course. The goal is to present your own ideas on the topic question merely
using material from Fromm and the UDHR to support your arguments. This is about
what you think, not a summary or analysis of what others think. Be creative; be
0riginal.
– The paper requires the Question/Title, your name, and your academic year at the top
of the first page single spaced.
– The paper should be organized following this structure:
a. Thesis: your position on the question is clearly stated in the first paragraph.
The thesis must be a clear and unambiguous answer to the topic question.
b. Defense: defend your thesis using well developed arguments supported with
quotations from the texts mentioned above from the course reading list.
Question/Title
Are rights important for the life and dignity of human beings?
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS
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The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the Declaration was proclaimed
by the United Nations General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 General Assembly Resolution 217 A (III) as
a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations. It sets out, for the first time, fundamental human
rights to be universally protected.
PREAMBLE
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and
of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of
the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Whereas disregard and contempt for human
rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have
outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent
of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and
want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of
the common people,
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion
against tyranny and oppression, that human rights
should be protected by the rule of law,
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have
in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental
human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human
person and in the equal rights of men and women
and have determined to promote social progress and
better standards of life in larger freedom,
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves
to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations,
the promotion of universal respect for and observance
of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Whereas a common understanding of these rights
and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full
realization of this pledge,
Now, Therefore THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY
proclaims THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of
achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end
that every individual and every organ of society,
keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall
strive by teaching and education to promote respect
for these rights and freedoms and by progressive
measures, national and international, to secure their
universal and effective recognition and observance,
both among the peoples of Member States themselves
and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
Article 1.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and
conscience and should act towards one another in a
spirit of brotherhood.
Article 2.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms
set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of
any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion,
political or other opinion, national or social origin,
property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political,
jurisdictional or international status of the country or
territory to which a person belongs, whether it be
independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any
other limitation of sovereignty.
Article 3.
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security
of person.
Article 4.
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their
forms.
Article 5.
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel,
inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
Article 6.
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere
as a person before the law.
Article 7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law.
All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and
against any incitement to such discrimination.
Article 8.
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by
the competent national tribunals for acts violating the
fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
by law.
equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its
dissolution.
(2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the
free and full consent of the intending spouses.
(3) The family is the natural and fundamental
group unit of society and is entitled to protection by
society and the State.
Article 9.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
Article 10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and
public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
Article 17.
(1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as
well as in association with others.
(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his
property.
Article 11.
(1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the
right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty
according to law in a public trial at which he has had
all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
(2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did
not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed.
Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one
that was applicable at the time the penal offence was
committed.
Article 18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to
change his religion or belief, and freedom, either
alone or in community with others and in public or
private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching,
practice, worship and observance.
Article 19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and
expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and
impart information and ideas through any media and
Article 12.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference
with his privacy, family, home or correspondence,
nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law
against such interference or attacks.
Article 20.
(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful
assembly and association.
(2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
Article 13.
(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement
and residence within the borders of each state.
(2) Everyone has the right to leave any country,
including his own, and to return to his country.
Article 21.
(1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely
chosen representatives.
(2) Everyone has the right of equal access to public
service in his country.
(3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the
authority of government; this will shall be expressed
in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by
universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.
Article 14.
(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in
other countries asylum from persecution.
(2) This right may not be invoked in the case of
prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political
crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and
principles of the United Nations.
Article 22.
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to
social security and is entitled to realization, through
national effort and international co-operation and in
accordance with the organization and resources of
each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights
indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
Article 15.
(1) Everyone has the right to a nationality.
(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.
Article 16.
(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right
to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to
2
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article 23.
(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of
employment, to just and favourable conditions of
work and to protection against unemployment.
(2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the
right to equal pay for equal work.
(3) Everyone who works has the right to just and
favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his
family an existence worthy of human dignity, and
supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social
protection.
(4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade
unions for the protection of his interests.
tific, literary or artistic production of which he is the
author.
Article 28.
Everyone is entitled to a social and international
order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in
this Declaration can be fully realized.
Article 29.
(1) Everyone has duties to the community in which
alone the free and full development of his personality
is possible.
(2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are
determined by law solely for the purpose of securing
due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements
of morality, public order and the general welfare in a
democratic society.
(3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be
exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of
the United Nations.
Article 24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
Article 25.
(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living
adequate for the health and well-being of himself and
of his family, including food, clothing, housing and
medical care and necessary social services, and the
right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of
livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
(2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in
or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
Article 30.
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as
implying for any State, group or person any right to
engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at
the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set
forth herein.
Article 26.
(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education
shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be
made generally available and higher education shall
be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental
freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance
and friendship among all nations, racial or religious
groups, and shall further the activities of the United
Nations for the maintenance of peace.
(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of
education that shall be given to their children.
Article 27.
(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in
the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts
and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the
moral and material interests resulting from any scien3

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